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Patterns and processes of evolution. How evolution and natural selection are reflected in the similarities and differences of organisms. 

• Explore basic electricity relationships.
• Explain basic electricity relationships in series and parallel circuits.
• Use an ammeter and voltmeter to take readings in circuits.
• Provide reasoning to explain the measurements and relationships in circuits.
• Build circuits from schematic drawings.
• Determine if common objects are conductors or insulators.

Video 1: Construction of a circle when its radius is known
Video 2: Examples of how to construct a circle
Video 3: Common mistakes made when constructing a circle

Video 1: How to construct a line segment
Video 2: Examples of constructing different line segments
Video 3: Common mistakes made when constructing a line segment

Video 1: What are perpendiculars and perpendicular bisectors and how to construct them
Video 2: How to draw a perpendicular and perpendicular bisector using a ruler and a compass
Video 3: Examples related to the construction of perpendiculars and perpendicular bisectors on a line segment
Video 4: Common mistakes made when constructing perpendiculars and perpendicular bisectors

You have learnt about static electricity where charged particles (electrons) can move from one object into another giving objects an overall charge. In this unit1 you will learn about current electricity. This is when a continuous flow of charge can be created using a circuit made of conducting wires and an energy source.

The flicker of numbers on a handheld calculator, nerve impulses carrying signals of vision to the brain, an ultrasound device sending a signal to a computer screen, the brain sending a message for a baby to twitch its toes, an electric train pulling into a station, a hydroelectric plant sending energy to metropolitan and rural users—these and many other examples of electricity involve electric current, which is the movement of charge. Humanity has harnessed electricity, the basis of this technology, to improve our quality of life. 

Video 1: How to construct a copy of an angle
Video 2:
Video 3: Common mistakes made when constructing an angle as a copy of another

Video 1: How to construct angles of a given measurement using paper and a protractor 
Video 2: How to construct angles of a given measurement using a compass
Video 3: Examples of constructing angles of specific measurements
Video 4: Common mistakes made when constructing angles of specific measurements

Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. Decomposers recycle nutrients from dead plant or animal matter back to the soil in terrestrial environments or to the water in aquatic environments. The atoms that make up the organisms in an ecosystem are cycled repeatedly between the living and nonliving parts of the ecosystem.