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Most of us use electricity every day in many different ways so it is important that we understand the dangers, or hazards, associated with electricity and we know how to use it safely.

This online resource discusses the importance of the ocean, the layers and composition of the ocean and how it moderates climates.

What are simple machines? Simple machines are tools that make work easier. They have few or no moving parts. These machines use energy to do work with one movement. They make our work easier by letting us use less mechanical effort to move an object.

This online resource introduces the geocentric and heliocentric models. Exoplants, planets and their motions, planetary orbits, the role of gravity and how the solar system was formed are also covered. 

Electric charge comes in two varieties, which we call positive and negative. Like charges repel each other, and unlike charges attract each other. Thus, two positive charges repel each other, as do two negative charges. A positive charge and a negative charge attract each other.

How do we know there are two types of electric charge? When various materials are rubbed together in controlled ways, certain combinations of materials always result in a net charge of one type on one material and a net charge of the opposite type on the other material. By convention, we call one type of charge positive and the other type negative.

This online resource investigates the internal structure, outer layers and surface features of the sun.

This online resource explores the terrestrial, or inner, planets - the planets closest to the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.

This online tutorial will provide you with some guidelines on how to interpret both topographic and geologic maps.

This online resource investigates the features and topology of the ocean floor, the effects of wave erosion and the landforms created by coastal depositions.

When a circuit is connected and complete, charge can move through the circuit. Charge will not move unless there is a reason, a force to drive it around the circuit. Think of it as though charge is at rest and some- thing has to push it along. This means that work needs to be done to make charge move. A force acts on the charges, doing work, to make them move. The force is provided by the battery in the circuit.