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The amount of effort saved when using machines is called mechanical advantage (MA). Simple machines use mechanical advantage as a key property to their functionality, helping humans perform tasks that would require more force than a person could produce. We will use the lever as an example of a simple machine to illustrate the concept of mechanical advantage.

Outcomes:

• Describe how the concept of density relates to an object's mass and volume.
• Explain how objects of similar mass can have differing volume, and how objects of similar volume can have differing mass.
• Explain why changing an object's mass or volume does not affect its density (ie, understand density as an intensive property).
• Measure the volume of an object by observing the amount of fluid it displaces.
• Identify an unknown material by calculating its density and comparing to a table of known densities.

Clarifying some points on evolution and intelligent design.

Video 1: What are frequency polygons?
Video 2: Examples of frequency polygons
Video 3: Further examples of frequency polygons

By the end of this unit you will be able to:

• Calculate measures of central tendency and percentiles on grouped data.
• Construct a frequency polygon.
• Construct a line graph.

This video explores how to find the mean from data in a table.

This video explores the histogram: which is one of the ways in which to present data.

Video 1: How to create a line graph based on data
Video 2: Examples of different line graphs
Video 3: Further examples of line graphs

Overview of fertilisation and early human development. From conception leading to a zygote to blastocyst, embryo and fetus.

In this unit we will learn how these factors can affect the output of a simple machine. We will also learn about the difference between ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) and actual mechanical advantage (AMA), and how to apply your knowledge to calculate the efficiency of various simple machines.