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When electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by a material the energy it carries has to go somewhere. When lower energy waves, like radio and infrared waves, are absorbed there can be an increase in temperature of the absorbing material. Higher energy waves, like x-ray and gamma waves, can actually permanently damage or change materials. Learn about the different types of electromagnetic waves and how their energies can influence their effects on objects.

• Determine the variables that affect how charged bodies interact.
• Predict how charged bodies will interact.
• Describe the strength and direction of the electric field around a charged body.
• Use free-body diagrams and vector addition to help explain the interactions.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells derive energy from glucose. The chemical reaction for cellular respiration involves glucose and oxygen as inputs, and produces carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP) as outputs. There are three stages to cellular respiration: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Electric charge comes in two varieties, which we call positive and negative. Like charges repel each other, and unlike charges attract each other. Thus, two positive charges repel each other, as do two negative charges. A positive charge and a negative charge attract each other.

How do we know there are two types of electric charge? When various materials are rubbed together in controlled ways, certain combinations of materials always result in a net charge of one type on one material and a net charge of the opposite type on the other material. By convention, we call one type of charge positive and the other type negative.

An explanation of wave interference and solution of a few examples to find the value of the total wave when two wave pulses overlap

The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing.

• Make waves with water, sound, and light and see how they are related.
• Discuss wave properties using common vocabulary.
• Explain how changing the frequency and amplitude affects the characteristics of the wave.
• Design an experiment to measure the speed of the wave.