Results

Speed necessary for the space station to stay in orbit.

• Describe a molecular model for solids, liquids, and gases.
• Extend this model to phase changes.
• Describe how heating or cooling changes the behavior of the molecules.
• Describe how changing the volume can affect temperature, pressure, and state.
• Relate a pressure-temperature diagram to the behavior of molecules.
• Interpret graphs of interatomic potential.
• Describe how forces on atoms relate to the interaction potential.
• Describe the physical meaning of the parameters in the Lennard-Jones potential, and how this relates to the molecule behavior.

• Describe characteristics of three states of matter: solid, liquid and gas.
• Predict how varying the temperature or pressure changes the behavior of particles.
• Compare particles in the three different phases.
• Explain freezing and melting with molecular level detail.
• Recognize that different substances have different properties, including melting, freezing and boiling temperatures.

Electric charge comes in two varieties, which we call positive and negative. Like charges repel each other, and unlike charges attract each other. Thus, two positive charges repel each other, as do two negative charges. A positive charge and a negative charge attract each other.

How do we know there are two types of electric charge? When various materials are rubbed together in controlled ways, certain combinations of materials always result in a net charge of one type on one material and a net charge of the opposite type on the other material. By convention, we call one type of charge positive and the other type negative.

In this lesson you will learn that:

• Static electricity is a build-up of charge in an object.
• The build-up pf charge is caused by insulating materials rub against each other.
• The motion of these charges causes small shocks, lightening and sparks.
• These charges can be detected. 
• Certain materials can be classified as insulators, and others as conductors.
• Capacitors are small devices in circuits which can store charge.
• Lightning rods are used to allow charges from strikes to travel safely and dissipate in the Earth

In this lesson you will learn about the following forms of renewable energy sources:

• Solar energy
• Water energy
• Wind energy
• Sea wave energy
• Geothermal energy

This YouTube documentary highlights the ecological and socio-economic importance of the Tana River Basin in Kenya.

In this unit you will: 

• Understand that temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy.
• Learn about the various temperature scales that are commonly used in science.
• Learn to read temperature scales.
• Differentiate between various thermometers (alcohol or mercury-based).
• Understand that physical properties change when there is a change of temperature.

By the end of this unit you will be able to:

• Identify different types of triangles.
• Investigate the relationship between the sides of a right-angled triangle to develop the Theorem of Pythagoras.
• Use the Theorem of Pythagoras to find missing lengths in right angled triangles.